Friday, May 22, 2020
Mars Versus Earth - 937 Words
Mars VS Earth Mars and Earth are both part of the four terrestrial planets that orbit within the inner solar system and are from the same origin. They are both made of rock and metal. Mars has an extremely weak magnetosphere however, so probably doesnââ¬â¢t have a liquid metal core. Earth on the other hand does have a liquid metal core, which provides its strong magnetosphere. Solar radiation can therefore directly penetrate Mars, while Earth can reflect solar radiation. Mars is much further from the sun than Earth making it much colder. This distance from the Sun also makes a big difference in the length of their years, with Mars year being about twice as long. Further, Mars orbit around the sun is more eccentric than Earthââ¬â¢s, which leadsâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Within this space will have to create our own oxygen and water. Instead of managing resources and having regulations on how to allocate them, we will have to create all our resources. Perhaps this will give us a cleaner and simpler way to live, because we are creating only what we need, and only using whatââ¬â¢s necessary. I believe political design will be heavily influenced by efficiency and necessity. And because itââ¬â¢s going to be the year 2060, much of our work will be handled by intelligent machines, so I believe politics will be focused less on crisis issues, and more on how to manage and foster creativity, and maximize leisure and fulfillment of curiosities and self expression. I believe on Mars, politics will have a better name. Another thought Iââ¬â¢m having is how the need to create and live in an enclosed dome to survive also indicates our settlement is vulnerable and critical to keep in tact for the good of every single person there. I believe the very nature of this structure will mandate a greater sense of cooperation. In this setup I would see that wars starting and shooting bombs at each other would be a self defeating strategy. I a m seeing thatââ¬â¢s the politics of war and conflict should be minimal if any. Also the argument about land ownership will definitely matter if we have a limited dome area. But since thereââ¬â¢s so much space on Mars, I guessShow MoreRelatedMy Ecological Footprint and the Worldââ¬â¢s Global Footprint709 Words à |à 3 Pagesdemand on earths ecosystems. According to the Earth Day Network, the ecological footprint is ââ¬Å"a resource accounting tool that measures how much biologically productive land and sea is used by a given population or activity, and compares this to how much land and sea is available.â⬠(Ecological Footprint FAQ) This concept is important to sustainable living because it gives us humans a way in determining just how much we take away from nature versus how much nature in total can provide to us. Read MoreTechnology And Its Effects On Technology982 Words à |à 4 Pageshumanlike (Booker, 104). Conversely, both Mars Need Moms and Home display a different depiction of technology and its function. Those films have shown that an advanced technology is mainly owned by the aliens just like what most science fiction films have portrayed. The Martian and the Boov are clearly pictured to have a more advanced technology which enables them to invade and take benefit of Earth easily. In this case, kidnapping human mother in Mars Needs Moms is a piece of cake. AdditionallyRead MorePhysics Of The Moon And Mercury1525 Words à |à 7 Pagesthat differentiate the two bodies. The Moon has a radius of 1738km in comparison with Mercury, the smallest of the major planets with a radii of 2440km. The average density of the Moon is 3.37 g/cm3 that is consistent with basaltic silicates. Like Earth the Moon has a layered system, consisting of a crust, mantle, and core. From the radius and the mass Mercury has a mean density of 5.4 g/cm3 which implies a dense iron (Fe) core. Just as the Moon consis ts of an iron core with a softer molten liquidRead MoreEvolution Through the Influence of God1605 Words à |à 7 Pagesevolution. This group believes that evolution is occurring, but that God created the start of all life. There are three main notions of the origin of life, evolution, creationism, and intelligent design. The first theory, evolution, explains how life on Earth formed and how organisms adapted through generations. Scientists have studied the theory for years and have added their own ideas and findings. One scientists Jean-Baptiste Lamarck formulated the theory as a characteristic may be acquired through useRead MoreFalling Birth Rates And Its Effects899 Words à |à 4 Pages Falling Birth Rates This earth is full of people. The population is a little over seven billion people (Falling Birthrates). So much happens but the majority only pays attention to so little. Falling birth rates are necessary, because there is more opportunities, there will be more for those who are in need, and mankind are too much for this earth. There are so much more opportunities with less people. They are more likely to all get a job, insurance and more. The unemployment rate is so highRead MoreEssay on Creation vs. Evolution in the Public Schools1342 Words à |à 6 Pageslife-forms and finally into humans.â⬠(Answers in Genesis 1). Despite the many claims that ââ¬Å"evolutionâ⬠simply means a change, scientifically speaking it means much more. Evolutionary ideals describe changes that allow scientists to date life on the earth to be 4.5 billion years, to trace the entire living population of every animal, insect, plant, virus, and bacteria back to one simple cell, and to conclude that the first cell supposedly came into being sporadically from a pool of organic moleculesRead MoreThe Future of Space Exploration1522 Words à |à 7 Pagesrover for. The MSL (Mars Space Laboratory) Curiosity rover was launched November 26th, 2011 and landed on Mars on August 6th, 2012 (Launch 2). ââ¬Å"MSL Curiositys mission is to analyze the climate, geology, and habitability of Mars to see if there is or has ever been life on Mars. Then, after gathering enough data, it will see if its feasible to send a manned mission to Marsâ⬠(Anthony 2). We are already searching for any signs of life in the places close to our home planet. Although Mars is dry, it hintsRead MoreA New Insight On The Moon s Levels Of Oxygen1473 Words à |à 6 PagesOrigins, A New Insight With increasing evidence, it is becoming ever more evident that a large Mars-sized body, Theia impacted the planet that was to become Earth. This collision caused fragmentation of the two celestial objects and eventually coalesced to form the moon. (1) Scientists have analyzed the Moonââ¬â¢s levels of oxygen molecule types are identical to Earthââ¬â¢s. (2) Thus, the collision delivered much of the Oxygen necessary for early water to form, as water is a collection of Oxygen and theRead More60ââ¬â¢s in America Essay examples870 Words à |à 4 Pagestests, which included many more people. Following the new drug scene, it played an important role in music. The sixties changed the classical rock the new psychedelic rock. This new form of music came from the drug use and people wanting art music, versus the normal rock. The first large wave of feminism came from the flappers; in the sixties the second wave came and it was larger then ever. Two years after President Kennedy speech on womenââ¬â¢s right being an issue, Equal Pay Act of 1963, is finallyRead MoreEvolution Vs Creation Vs Evolution1395 Words à |à 6 Pagescounter-arguments against one another about how Earth came to be, and have also been argued against one another for many years. This paper will contain the topics of comparing evolution and creation; these topics are that they are both based on theories, Earth was one big continent, and natural selection. Along with those topics, there will be contrasts between evolution and creation; these topics will include chimpanzees versus god, science versus religion, and the last one is evolution and creation
Monday, May 18, 2020
Womenââ¬â¢S Health Plus. Tamer Almasri, Felicia Montgomery.
Womenââ¬â¢s Health Plus Tamer Almasri, Felicia Montgomery Governors State University Professor Comer-Hagans Womenââ¬â¢s Health Plus Diabetes is a disease in which your blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels are too high. Glucose comes from the foods you eat. Insulin is a hormone that helps the glucose get into your cells to give them energy. Larnson Wolk (2017) state in their article that with type 1 diabetes, your body does not make insulin and in type 2 diabetes, the more common type, your body does not make or use insulin well. Without enough insulin, the glucose stays in your blood. You can also have prediabetes. This means that your blood sugar is higher than normal but not high enough to be calledâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Unlike type 2 diabetes, women with type 1 diabetes do not appear to have an increased risk of breast cancer. In type 2 diabetes, the body does not produce enough insulin to function properly, or the cells in the body do not react normally to the insulin it does produce (insulin resistance). Being overweight, physically inactive and eating an unhealthy diet all contribute to our risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Approximately 90-95 percent of all cases of diabetes worldwide are of this type. Postmenopausal women 50 years or older who have type 2 diabetes have about a 20-27 percent increased risk of breast cancer. Itââ¬â¢s not entirely clear why people with type 2 diabetes are at increased risk for breast cancer. Type 2 diabetes causes several changes that could increase breast cancer risk such as high glucose levels, high insulin levels and increased inflammation. Studies have shown a link between all of these changes and the development of breast cancer. In addition, many risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes and breast cancer overlap ââ¬â such as being older, being overweight or obese and lack of regular physical activity. These risk factors may separately, and together, contribute to the increased risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women with diabetes. Breast cancer is associated with type II diabetes, and a previous epidemiological stud y demonstrated that type II diabetes increased the risk of developing breast cancer by 10-20% (Irie,Banno,Aoki,n.d.). A
Thursday, May 7, 2020
Research that Adapts Information Retrieval Based on a User...
As the number of Internet users and the number of accessible Web pages grows, it is becoming increasingly difficult for users to find relevant documents to their particular needs. In this paper, we report on research that adapts information retrieval based on a user profile. Ontology models are widely used to represent user profiles in personalized web information retrieval. Many models have utilized only knowledge from either a global knowledge base or a user local information for representing user profiles. A personalized ontology model is used for knowledge representation and reasoning over user profiles. This model uses ontological user profiles based on both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories. It is observedâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Many researchers have attempted to discover user background knowledge through global or local analysis to represent user profiles. i) Motivation The basic objective regarding this project is to achieve high performance in web information retrieval using a personalized ontology model. Most of the times when user searches for some information with some ideas in mind , It is always the case that he didnââ¬â¢t get the information exactly as he wants in first page . He has to go through different pages until he get the information exactly as per his concept. The basic idea is to create ontological user profiles from both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories in order to have a fast information retrieval as per the concept model of the user. ii) Existing systems Commonly used knowledge bases include generic ontologies, thesauruses, and online knowledge bases. The global analysis produce effective performance for user background knowledge extraction but it is limited by the quality of the used knowledge base. Local analysis investigates user local information or observes user behavior in user profiles. Analyzed query logs to discover user background knowledge is used. Users were provided with a set of documents and asked for relevance feedback. User background knowledge was then discovered from this feedback for user profiles. The discovered results may contain noisy and uncertain information. iii)Show MoreRelatedEssay On User Profiling1081 Words à |à 5 PagesUser Profiling: A Survey from Modeling to Personalization Abstract The growth of the available information on the web and the diversity of its users is a valuable resource for personalization. The user profile includes the essential information about the user and it is an outcome of the user profiling process. Building and maintaining dynamic user profile is the main challenge in developing an effective personalized application. Many research projects and companies are interesting in developingRead MoreA Survey On Data Annotation For Web Databases1020 Words à |à 5 Pagesongoing research field that related to the retrieval of the relevant web page results based on the user interest and preferences. ARUNPANDI.V, SUNDARAMOORHTY.S, VARADHARAJAN.E [18], proposed the personalization involve in collecting the user interests implicitly or explicitly called as user profile. Collecting the user interests in explicit manner is not so easy. Because the users are not interested to provide their interest to the server. So we go for other methods to create use r profile in implicitRead MoreInternet Marketing Relevance and Consumer Attitudes toward Internet Advertising1245 Words à |à 5 PagesThis paper discusses internet marketing relevance and investigates antecedents of consumer attitudes toward Internet Advertisement. The analysis is based on a consumer survey conducted in India as well as other countries. For this purpose, a representative quota sample of Internet users in India has been interviewed. The finding of this study provides marketers with an understanding of consumers, their attitude toward advertising, so designers and marketers can better strategize their advertisingRead MoreEssay on Multi-Agents for Decision Support Systems in E-Systems4215 Words à |à 17 PagesAbstract: With the advent of e-systems; business and consumers have access to a plethora of information which makes the decision making process more complex. The overwhelming information flow makes it extremely difficult for decision makers to analyze the available data and make precise decisions. Under such an information intensive online environment, businesses need to make real time intelligent decisions in order to stay economically and commercially viable. Multi agent systems have the inherentRead MoreTechnology And Its Effects On Technology1411 Words à |à 6 Pagesââ¬Ëtechnologiaââ¬â¢. Technology refers to the use of machines and various tools that make our daily work lives simpler, easier and organized. The word also refers to the different tools, gadgets, and resources used by humans so as to help them control and adapt to their environment appropriately (Bridgman, 5}. Technology also refers to the knowledge of techniques and processes and is embedded mostly in machines used a s factors of production in our factories. Embedding technology in computers and smart devicesRead MoreThe Application Of E Government7917 Words à |à 32 PagesCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION RESEARCH BACKGROUND The electronic Government as known as e-Government is one of the channel uses by government to interact to people such as community, government servants, individual (citizens and non-citizens) and businessmen. Some of the example of interaction are the communication of important information within government agencies and the transaction of online websites to citizens and non-citizens such as online tax registration and payment. In general, the developmentRead MoreDatabase And Research Question And Objectives1913 Words à |à 8 PagesStudent name: Ying Bi Supervisor name: Gary wills Aims/research question and Objectives Aims: 1.Designing an IAM (Identity Access Management) system based on Ethereum provides a more resilient framework for Service integration. It can help know your customer(KYC). 2.Provide protocol service to users based on smart contracts. Research questions: 1.The issue of user privacy is a growing public concern. Many companies collect the users` data to predict future trends and other commercial aims.Read MoreManaging Diversity3506 Words à |à 15 Pagesdiversity range from distributive concerns based on the traditional categories of race, ethnicity and gender to the addition of a vast array of differences in age, sexual orientation, disability, employment status, tenure, function, educational background, lifestyle, religion, values and beliefs in addition to race, ethnicity and gender. Diversity is a two-edged blade. Although on the one hand it is brought about by differences in access to information, skills, abilities, values, beliefs attitudesRead More The Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector Essay4849 Words à |à 20 PagesThe Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector The impact of information technology has been tremendous within the public sector. Over the years, the growth and development of technology has caused the public sector to change. One of the most significant changes in technology has been the evolution of the information systems and how their development has reshaped the way the world uses technology. ââ¬Å"It has been just over fifty years since the worlds first programmable computer becameRead MoreInternet Cafe Monitoring6799 Words à |à 28 PagesCHAPTER I THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND ITS RATIONALE INTRODUCTION. Information technology at the present time is vast and progressive. It is being integrated to almost most of our daily activities. It is so progressive that one must always be informed and skilled to keep pace of the changing technology. With this reality, many ideas and improvements are designed and developed to make computer technology attainable and flexible. People of all ages must be prepared and equipped with all
Research that Adapts Information Retrieval Based on a User...
As the number of Internet users and the number of accessible Web pages grows, it is becoming increasingly difficult for users to find relevant documents to their particular needs. In this paper, we report on research that adapts information retrieval based on a user profile. Ontology models are widely used to represent user profiles in personalized web information retrieval. Many models have utilized only knowledge from either a global knowledge base or a user local information for representing user profiles. A personalized ontology model is used for knowledge representation and reasoning over user profiles. This model uses ontological user profiles based on both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories. It is observedâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Many researchers have attempted to discover user background knowledge through global or local analysis to represent user profiles. i) Motivation The basic objective regarding this project is to achieve high performance in web information retrieval using a personalized ontology model. Most of the times when user searches for some information with some ideas in mind , It is always the case that he didnââ¬â¢t get the information exactly as he wants in first page . He has to go through different pages until he get the information exactly as per his concept. The basic idea is to create ontological user profiles from both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories in order to have a fast information retrieval as per the concept model of the user. ii) Existing systems Commonly used knowledge bases include generic ontologies, thesauruses, and online knowledge bases. The global analysis produce effective performance for user background knowledge extraction but it is limited by the quality of the used knowledge base. Local analysis investigates user local information or observes user behavior in user profiles. Analyzed query logs to discover user background knowledge is used. Users were provided with a set of documents and asked for relevance feedback. User background knowledge was then discovered from this feedback for user profiles. The discovered results may contain noisy and uncertain information. iii)Show MoreRelatedEssay On User Profiling1081 Words à |à 5 PagesUser Profiling: A Survey from Modeling to Personalization Abstract The growth of the available information on the web and the diversity of its users is a valuable resource for personalization. The user profile includes the essential information about the user and it is an outcome of the user profiling process. Building and maintaining dynamic user profile is the main challenge in developing an effective personalized application. Many research projects and companies are interesting in developingRead MoreA Survey On Data Annotation For Web Databases1020 Words à |à 5 Pagesongoing research field that related to the retrieval of the relevant web page results based on the user interest and preferences. ARUNPANDI.V, SUNDARAMOORHTY.S, VARADHARAJAN.E [18], proposed the personalization involve in collecting the user interests implicitly or explicitly called as user profile. Collecting the user interests in explicit manner is not so easy. Because the users are not interested to provide their interest to the server. So we go for other methods to create use r profile in implicitRead MoreInternet Marketing Relevance and Consumer Attitudes toward Internet Advertising1245 Words à |à 5 PagesThis paper discusses internet marketing relevance and investigates antecedents of consumer attitudes toward Internet Advertisement. The analysis is based on a consumer survey conducted in India as well as other countries. For this purpose, a representative quota sample of Internet users in India has been interviewed. The finding of this study provides marketers with an understanding of consumers, their attitude toward advertising, so designers and marketers can better strategize their advertisingRead MoreEssay on Multi-Agents for Decision Support Systems in E-Systems4215 Words à |à 17 PagesAbstract: With the advent of e-systems; business and consumers have access to a plethora of information which makes the decision making process more complex. The overwhelming information flow makes it extremely difficult for decision makers to analyze the available data and make precise decisions. Under such an information intensive online environment, businesses need to make real time intelligent decisions in order to stay economically and commercially viable. Multi agent systems have the inherentRead MoreTechnology And Its Effects On Technology1411 Words à |à 6 Pagesââ¬Ëtechnologiaââ¬â¢. Technology refers to the use of machines and various tools that make our daily work lives simpler, easier and organized. The word also refers to the different tools, gadgets, and resources used by humans so as to help them control and adapt to their environment appropriately (Bridgman, 5}. Technology also refers to the knowledge of techniques and processes and is embedded mostly in machines used a s factors of production in our factories. Embedding technology in computers and smart devicesRead MoreThe Application Of E Government7917 Words à |à 32 PagesCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION RESEARCH BACKGROUND The electronic Government as known as e-Government is one of the channel uses by government to interact to people such as community, government servants, individual (citizens and non-citizens) and businessmen. Some of the example of interaction are the communication of important information within government agencies and the transaction of online websites to citizens and non-citizens such as online tax registration and payment. In general, the developmentRead MoreDatabase And Research Question And Objectives1913 Words à |à 8 PagesStudent name: Ying Bi Supervisor name: Gary wills Aims/research question and Objectives Aims: 1.Designing an IAM (Identity Access Management) system based on Ethereum provides a more resilient framework for Service integration. It can help know your customer(KYC). 2.Provide protocol service to users based on smart contracts. Research questions: 1.The issue of user privacy is a growing public concern. Many companies collect the users` data to predict future trends and other commercial aims.Read MoreManaging Diversity3506 Words à |à 15 Pagesdiversity range from distributive concerns based on the traditional categories of race, ethnicity and gender to the addition of a vast array of differences in age, sexual orientation, disability, employment status, tenure, function, educational background, lifestyle, religion, values and beliefs in addition to race, ethnicity and gender. Diversity is a two-edged blade. Although on the one hand it is brought about by differences in access to information, skills, abilities, values, beliefs attitudesRead More The Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector Essay4849 Words à |à 20 PagesThe Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector The impact of information technology has been tremendous within the public sector. Over the years, the growth and development of technology has caused the public sector to change. One of the most significant changes in technology has been the evolution of the information systems and how their development has reshaped the way the world uses technology. ââ¬Å"It has been just over fifty years since the worlds first programmable computer becameRead MoreInternet Cafe Monitoring6799 Words à |à 28 PagesCHAPTER I THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND ITS RATIONALE INTRODUCTION. Information technology at the present time is vast and progressive. It is being integrated to almost most of our daily activities. It is so progressive that one must always be informed and skilled to keep pace of the changing technology. With this reality, many ideas and improvements are designed and developed to make computer technology attainable and flexible. People of all ages must be prepared and equipped with all
Research that Adapts Information Retrieval Based on a User...
As the number of Internet users and the number of accessible Web pages grows, it is becoming increasingly difficult for users to find relevant documents to their particular needs. In this paper, we report on research that adapts information retrieval based on a user profile. Ontology models are widely used to represent user profiles in personalized web information retrieval. Many models have utilized only knowledge from either a global knowledge base or a user local information for representing user profiles. A personalized ontology model is used for knowledge representation and reasoning over user profiles. This model uses ontological user profiles based on both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories. It is observedâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Many researchers have attempted to discover user background knowledge through global or local analysis to represent user profiles. i) Motivation The basic objective regarding this project is to achieve high performance in web information retrieval using a personalized ontology model. Most of the times when user searches for some information with some ideas in mind , It is always the case that he didnââ¬â¢t get the information exactly as he wants in first page . He has to go through different pages until he get the information exactly as per his concept. The basic idea is to create ontological user profiles from both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories in order to have a fast information retrieval as per the concept model of the user. ii) Existing systems Commonly used knowledge bases include generic ontologies, thesauruses, and online knowledge bases. The global analysis produce effective performance for user background knowledge extraction but it is limited by the quality of the used knowledge base. Local analysis investigates user local information or observes user behavior in user profiles. Analyzed query logs to discover user background knowledge is used. Users were provided with a set of documents and asked for relevance feedback. User background knowledge was then discovered from this feedback for user profiles. The discovered results may contain noisy and uncertain information. iii)Show MoreRelatedEssay On User Profiling1081 Words à |à 5 PagesUser Profiling: A Survey from Modeling to Personalization Abstract The growth of the available information on the web and the diversity of its users is a valuable resource for personalization. The user profile includes the essential information about the user and it is an outcome of the user profiling process. Building and maintaining dynamic user profile is the main challenge in developing an effective personalized application. Many research projects and companies are interesting in developingRead MoreA Survey On Data Annotation For Web Databases1020 Words à |à 5 Pagesongoing research field that related to the retrieval of the relevant web page results based on the user interest and preferences. ARUNPANDI.V, SUNDARAMOORHTY.S, VARADHARAJAN.E [18], proposed the personalization involve in collecting the user interests implicitly or explicitly called as user profile. Collecting the user interests in explicit manner is not so easy. Because the users are not interested to provide their interest to the server. So we go for other methods to create use r profile in implicitRead MoreInternet Marketing Relevance and Consumer Attitudes toward Internet Advertising1245 Words à |à 5 PagesThis paper discusses internet marketing relevance and investigates antecedents of consumer attitudes toward Internet Advertisement. The analysis is based on a consumer survey conducted in India as well as other countries. For this purpose, a representative quota sample of Internet users in India has been interviewed. The finding of this study provides marketers with an understanding of consumers, their attitude toward advertising, so designers and marketers can better strategize their advertisingRead MoreEssay on Multi-Agents for Decision Support Systems in E-Systems4215 Words à |à 17 PagesAbstract: With the advent of e-systems; business and consumers have access to a plethora of information which makes the decision making process more complex. The overwhelming information flow makes it extremely difficult for decision makers to analyze the available data and make precise decisions. Under such an information intensive online environment, businesses need to make real time intelligent decisions in order to stay economically and commercially viable. Multi agent systems have the inherentRead MoreTechnology And Its Effects On Technology1411 Words à |à 6 Pagesââ¬Ëtechnologiaââ¬â¢. Technology refers to the use of machines and various tools that make our daily work lives simpler, easier and organized. The word also refers to the different tools, gadgets, and resources used by humans so as to help them control and adapt to their environment appropriately (Bridgman, 5}. Technology also refers to the knowledge of techniques and processes and is embedded mostly in machines used a s factors of production in our factories. Embedding technology in computers and smart devicesRead MoreThe Application Of E Government7917 Words à |à 32 PagesCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION RESEARCH BACKGROUND The electronic Government as known as e-Government is one of the channel uses by government to interact to people such as community, government servants, individual (citizens and non-citizens) and businessmen. Some of the example of interaction are the communication of important information within government agencies and the transaction of online websites to citizens and non-citizens such as online tax registration and payment. In general, the developmentRead MoreDatabase And Research Question And Objectives1913 Words à |à 8 PagesStudent name: Ying Bi Supervisor name: Gary wills Aims/research question and Objectives Aims: 1.Designing an IAM (Identity Access Management) system based on Ethereum provides a more resilient framework for Service integration. It can help know your customer(KYC). 2.Provide protocol service to users based on smart contracts. Research questions: 1.The issue of user privacy is a growing public concern. Many companies collect the users` data to predict future trends and other commercial aims.Read MoreManaging Diversity3506 Words à |à 15 Pagesdiversity range from distributive concerns based on the traditional categories of race, ethnicity and gender to the addition of a vast array of differences in age, sexual orientation, disability, employment status, tenure, function, educational background, lifestyle, religion, values and beliefs in addition to race, ethnicity and gender. Diversity is a two-edged blade. Although on the one hand it is brought about by differences in access to information, skills, abilities, values, beliefs attitudesRead More The Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector Essay4849 Words à |à 20 PagesThe Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector The impact of information technology has been tremendous within the public sector. Over the years, the growth and development of technology has caused the public sector to change. One of the most significant changes in technology has been the evolution of the information systems and how their development has reshaped the way the world uses technology. ââ¬Å"It has been just over fifty years since the worlds first programmable computer becameRead MoreInternet Cafe Monitoring6799 Words à |à 28 PagesCHAPTER I THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND ITS RATIONALE INTRODUCTION. Information technology at the present time is vast and progressive. It is being integrated to almost most of our daily activities. It is so progressive that one must always be informed and skilled to keep pace of the changing technology. With this reality, many ideas and improvements are designed and developed to make computer technology attainable and flexible. People of all ages must be prepared and equipped with all
Research that Adapts Information Retrieval Based on a User...
As the number of Internet users and the number of accessible Web pages grows, it is becoming increasingly difficult for users to find relevant documents to their particular needs. In this paper, we report on research that adapts information retrieval based on a user profile. Ontology models are widely used to represent user profiles in personalized web information retrieval. Many models have utilized only knowledge from either a global knowledge base or a user local information for representing user profiles. A personalized ontology model is used for knowledge representation and reasoning over user profiles. This model uses ontological user profiles based on both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories. It is observedâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Many researchers have attempted to discover user background knowledge through global or local analysis to represent user profiles. i) Motivation The basic objective regarding this project is to achieve high performance in web information retrieval using a personalized ontology model. Most of the times when user searches for some information with some ideas in mind , It is always the case that he didnââ¬â¢t get the information exactly as he wants in first page . He has to go through different pages until he get the information exactly as per his concept. The basic idea is to create ontological user profiles from both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories in order to have a fast information retrieval as per the concept model of the user. ii) Existing systems Commonly used knowledge bases include generic ontologies, thesauruses, and online knowledge bases. The global analysis produce effective performance for user background knowledge extraction but it is limited by the quality of the used knowledge base. Local analysis investigates user local information or observes user behavior in user profiles. Analyzed query logs to discover user background knowledge is used. Users were provided with a set of documents and asked for relevance feedback. User background knowledge was then discovered from this feedback for user profiles. The discovered results may contain noisy and uncertain information. iii)Show MoreRelatedEssay On User Profiling1081 Words à |à 5 PagesUser Profiling: A Survey from Modeling to Personalization Abstract The growth of the available information on the web and the diversity of its users is a valuable resource for personalization. The user profile includes the essential information about the user and it is an outcome of the user profiling process. Building and maintaining dynamic user profile is the main challenge in developing an effective personalized application. Many research projects and companies are interesting in developingRead MoreA Survey On Data Annotation For Web Databases1020 Words à |à 5 Pagesongoing research field that related to the retrieval of the relevant web page results based on the user interest and preferences. ARUNPANDI.V, SUNDARAMOORHTY.S, VARADHARAJAN.E [18], proposed the personalization involve in collecting the user interests implicitly or explicitly called as user profile. Collecting the user interests in explicit manner is not so easy. Because the users are not interested to provide their interest to the server. So we go for other methods to create use r profile in implicitRead MoreInternet Marketing Relevance and Consumer Attitudes toward Internet Advertising1245 Words à |à 5 PagesThis paper discusses internet marketing relevance and investigates antecedents of consumer attitudes toward Internet Advertisement. The analysis is based on a consumer survey conducted in India as well as other countries. For this purpose, a representative quota sample of Internet users in India has been interviewed. The finding of this study provides marketers with an understanding of consumers, their attitude toward advertising, so designers and marketers can better strategize their advertisingRead MoreEssay on Multi-Agents for Decision Support Systems in E-Systems4215 Words à |à 17 PagesAbstract: With the advent of e-systems; business and consumers have access to a plethora of information which makes the decision making process more complex. The overwhelming information flow makes it extremely difficult for decision makers to analyze the available data and make precise decisions. Under such an information intensive online environment, businesses need to make real time intelligent decisions in order to stay economically and commercially viable. Multi agent systems have the inherentRead MoreTechnology And Its Effects On Technology1411 Words à |à 6 Pagesââ¬Ëtechnologiaââ¬â¢. Technology refers to the use of machines and various tools that make our daily work lives simpler, easier and organized. The word also refers to the different tools, gadgets, and resources used by humans so as to help them control and adapt to their environment appropriately (Bridgman, 5}. Technology also refers to the knowledge of techniques and processes and is embedded mostly in machines used a s factors of production in our factories. Embedding technology in computers and smart devicesRead MoreThe Application Of E Government7917 Words à |à 32 PagesCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION RESEARCH BACKGROUND The electronic Government as known as e-Government is one of the channel uses by government to interact to people such as community, government servants, individual (citizens and non-citizens) and businessmen. Some of the example of interaction are the communication of important information within government agencies and the transaction of online websites to citizens and non-citizens such as online tax registration and payment. In general, the developmentRead MoreDatabase And Research Question And Objectives1913 Words à |à 8 PagesStudent name: Ying Bi Supervisor name: Gary wills Aims/research question and Objectives Aims: 1.Designing an IAM (Identity Access Management) system based on Ethereum provides a more resilient framework for Service integration. It can help know your customer(KYC). 2.Provide protocol service to users based on smart contracts. Research questions: 1.The issue of user privacy is a growing public concern. Many companies collect the users` data to predict future trends and other commercial aims.Read MoreManaging Diversity3506 Words à |à 15 Pagesdiversity range from distributive concerns based on the traditional categories of race, ethnicity and gender to the addition of a vast array of differences in age, sexual orientation, disability, employment status, tenure, function, educational background, lifestyle, religion, values and beliefs in addition to race, ethnicity and gender. Diversity is a two-edged blade. Although on the one hand it is brought about by differences in access to information, skills, abilities, values, beliefs attitudesRead More The Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector Essay4849 Words à |à 20 PagesThe Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector The impact of information technology has been tremendous within the public sector. Over the years, the growth and development of technology has caused the public sector to change. One of the most significant changes in technology has been the evolution of the information systems and how their development has reshaped the way the world uses technology. ââ¬Å"It has been just over fifty years since the worlds first programmable computer becameRead MoreInternet Cafe Monitoring6799 Words à |à 28 PagesCHAPTER I THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND ITS RATIONALE INTRODUCTION. Information technology at the present time is vast and progressive. It is being integrated to almost most of our daily activities. It is so progressive that one must always be informed and skilled to keep pace of the changing technology. With this reality, many ideas and improvements are designed and developed to make computer technology attainable and flexible. People of all ages must be prepared and equipped with all
Research that Adapts Information Retrieval Based on a User...
As the number of Internet users and the number of accessible Web pages grows, it is becoming increasingly difficult for users to find relevant documents to their particular needs. In this paper, we report on research that adapts information retrieval based on a user profile. Ontology models are widely used to represent user profiles in personalized web information retrieval. Many models have utilized only knowledge from either a global knowledge base or a user local information for representing user profiles. A personalized ontology model is used for knowledge representation and reasoning over user profiles. This model uses ontological user profiles based on both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories. It is observedâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Many researchers have attempted to discover user background knowledge through global or local analysis to represent user profiles. i) Motivation The basic objective regarding this project is to achieve high performance in web information retrieval using a personalized ontology model. Most of the times when user searches for some information with some ideas in mind , It is always the case that he didnââ¬â¢t get the information exactly as he wants in first page . He has to go through different pages until he get the information exactly as per his concept. The basic idea is to create ontological user profiles from both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories in order to have a fast information retrieval as per the concept model of the user. ii) Existing systems Commonly used knowledge bases include generic ontologies, thesauruses, and online knowledge bases. The global analysis produce effective performance for user background knowledge extraction but it is limited by the quality of the used knowledge base. Local analysis investigates user local information or observes user behavior in user profiles. Analyzed query logs to discover user background knowledge is used. Users were provided with a set of documents and asked for relevance feedback. User background knowledge was then discovered from this feedback for user profiles. The discovered results may contain noisy and uncertain information. iii)Show MoreRelatedEssay On User Profiling1081 Words à |à 5 PagesUser Profiling: A Survey from Modeling to Personalization Abstract The growth of the available information on the web and the diversity of its users is a valuable resource for personalization. The user profile includes the essential information about the user and it is an outcome of the user profiling process. Building and maintaining dynamic user profile is the main challenge in developing an effective personalized application. Many research projects and companies are interesting in developingRead MoreA Survey On Data Annotation For Web Databases1020 Words à |à 5 Pagesongoing research field that related to the retrieval of the relevant web page results based on the user interest and preferences. ARUNPANDI.V, SUNDARAMOORHTY.S, VARADHARAJAN.E [18], proposed the personalization involve in collecting the user interests implicitly or explicitly called as user profile. Collecting the user interests in explicit manner is not so easy. Because the users are not interested to provide their interest to the server. So we go for other methods to create use r profile in implicitRead MoreInternet Marketing Relevance and Consumer Attitudes toward Internet Advertising1245 Words à |à 5 PagesThis paper discusses internet marketing relevance and investigates antecedents of consumer attitudes toward Internet Advertisement. The analysis is based on a consumer survey conducted in India as well as other countries. For this purpose, a representative quota sample of Internet users in India has been interviewed. The finding of this study provides marketers with an understanding of consumers, their attitude toward advertising, so designers and marketers can better strategize their advertisingRead MoreEssay on Multi-Agents for Decision Support Systems in E-Systems4215 Words à |à 17 PagesAbstract: With the advent of e-systems; business and consumers have access to a plethora of information which makes the decision making process more complex. The overwhelming information flow makes it extremely difficult for decision makers to analyze the available data and make precise decisions. Under such an information intensive online environment, businesses need to make real time intelligent decisions in order to stay economically and commercially viable. Multi agent systems have the inherentRead MoreTechnology And Its Effects On Technology1411 Words à |à 6 Pagesââ¬Ëtechnologiaââ¬â¢. Technology refers to the use of machines and various tools that make our daily work lives simpler, easier and organized. The word also refers to the different tools, gadgets, and resources used by humans so as to help them control and adapt to their environment appropriately (Bridgman, 5}. Technology also refers to the knowledge of techniques and processes and is embedded mostly in machines used a s factors of production in our factories. Embedding technology in computers and smart devicesRead MoreThe Application Of E Government7917 Words à |à 32 PagesCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION RESEARCH BACKGROUND The electronic Government as known as e-Government is one of the channel uses by government to interact to people such as community, government servants, individual (citizens and non-citizens) and businessmen. Some of the example of interaction are the communication of important information within government agencies and the transaction of online websites to citizens and non-citizens such as online tax registration and payment. In general, the developmentRead MoreDatabase And Research Question And Objectives1913 Words à |à 8 PagesStudent name: Ying Bi Supervisor name: Gary wills Aims/research question and Objectives Aims: 1.Designing an IAM (Identity Access Management) system based on Ethereum provides a more resilient framework for Service integration. It can help know your customer(KYC). 2.Provide protocol service to users based on smart contracts. Research questions: 1.The issue of user privacy is a growing public concern. Many companies collect the users` data to predict future trends and other commercial aims.Read MoreManaging Diversity3506 Words à |à 15 Pagesdiversity range from distributive concerns based on the traditional categories of race, ethnicity and gender to the addition of a vast array of differences in age, sexual orientation, disability, employment status, tenure, function, educational background, lifestyle, religion, values and beliefs in addition to race, ethnicity and gender. Diversity is a two-edged blade. Although on the one hand it is brought about by differences in access to information, skills, abilities, values, beliefs attitudesRead More The Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector Essay4849 Words à |à 20 PagesThe Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector The impact of information technology has been tremendous within the public sector. Over the years, the growth and development of technology has caused the public sector to change. One of the most significant changes in technology has been the evolution of the information systems and how their development has reshaped the way the world uses technology. ââ¬Å"It has been just over fifty years since the worlds first programmable computer becameRead MoreInternet Cafe Monitoring6799 Words à |à 28 PagesCHAPTER I THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND ITS RATIONALE INTRODUCTION. Information technology at the present time is vast and progressive. It is being integrated to almost most of our daily activities. It is so progressive that one must always be informed and skilled to keep pace of the changing technology. With this reality, many ideas and improvements are designed and developed to make computer technology attainable and flexible. People of all ages must be prepared and equipped with all
Research that Adapts Information Retrieval Based on a User...
As the number of Internet users and the number of accessible Web pages grows, it is becoming increasingly difficult for users to find relevant documents to their particular needs. In this paper, we report on research that adapts information retrieval based on a user profile. Ontology models are widely used to represent user profiles in personalized web information retrieval. Many models have utilized only knowledge from either a global knowledge base or a user local information for representing user profiles. A personalized ontology model is used for knowledge representation and reasoning over user profiles. This model uses ontological user profiles based on both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories. It is observedâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Many researchers have attempted to discover user background knowledge through global or local analysis to represent user profiles. i) Motivation The basic objective regarding this project is to achieve high performance in web information retrieval using a personalized ontology model. Most of the times when user searches for some information with some ideas in mind , It is always the case that he didnââ¬â¢t get the information exactly as he wants in first page . He has to go through different pages until he get the information exactly as per his concept. The basic idea is to create ontological user profiles from both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories in order to have a fast information retrieval as per the concept model of the user. ii) Existing systems Commonly used knowledge bases include generic ontologies, thesauruses, and online knowledge bases. The global analysis produce effective performance for user background knowledge extraction but it is limited by the quality of the used knowledge base. Local analysis investigates user local information or observes user behavior in user profiles. Analyzed query logs to discover user background knowledge is used. Users were provided with a set of documents and asked for relevance feedback. User background knowledge was then discovered from this feedback for user profiles. The discovered results may contain noisy and uncertain information. iii)Show MoreRelatedEssay On User Profiling1081 Words à |à 5 PagesUser Profiling: A Survey from Modeling to Personalization Abstract The growth of the available information on the web and the diversity of its users is a valuable resource for personalization. The user profile includes the essential information about the user and it is an outcome of the user profiling process. Building and maintaining dynamic user profile is the main challenge in developing an effective personalized application. Many research projects and companies are interesting in developingRead MoreA Survey On Data Annotation For Web Databases1020 Words à |à 5 Pagesongoing research field that related to the retrieval of the relevant web page results based on the user interest and preferences. ARUNPANDI.V, SUNDARAMOORHTY.S, VARADHARAJAN.E [18], proposed the personalization involve in collecting the user interests implicitly or explicitly called as user profile. Collecting the user interests in explicit manner is not so easy. Because the users are not interested to provide their interest to the server. So we go for other methods to create use r profile in implicitRead MoreInternet Marketing Relevance and Consumer Attitudes toward Internet Advertising1245 Words à |à 5 PagesThis paper discusses internet marketing relevance and investigates antecedents of consumer attitudes toward Internet Advertisement. The analysis is based on a consumer survey conducted in India as well as other countries. For this purpose, a representative quota sample of Internet users in India has been interviewed. The finding of this study provides marketers with an understanding of consumers, their attitude toward advertising, so designers and marketers can better strategize their advertisingRead MoreEssay on Multi-Agents for Decision Support Systems in E-Systems4215 Words à |à 17 PagesAbstract: With the advent of e-systems; business and consumers have access to a plethora of information which makes the decision making process more complex. The overwhelming information flow makes it extremely difficult for decision makers to analyze the available data and make precise decisions. Under such an information intensive online environment, businesses need to make real time intelligent decisions in order to stay economically and commercially viable. Multi agent systems have the inherentRead MoreTechnology And Its Effects On Technology1411 Words à |à 6 Pagesââ¬Ëtechnologiaââ¬â¢. Technology refers to the use of machines and various tools that make our daily work lives simpler, easier and organized. The word also refers to the different tools, gadgets, and resources used by humans so as to help them control and adapt to their environment appropriately (Bridgman, 5}. Technology also refers to the knowledge of techniques and processes and is embedded mostly in machines used a s factors of production in our factories. Embedding technology in computers and smart devicesRead MoreThe Application Of E Government7917 Words à |à 32 PagesCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION RESEARCH BACKGROUND The electronic Government as known as e-Government is one of the channel uses by government to interact to people such as community, government servants, individual (citizens and non-citizens) and businessmen. Some of the example of interaction are the communication of important information within government agencies and the transaction of online websites to citizens and non-citizens such as online tax registration and payment. In general, the developmentRead MoreDatabase And Research Question And Objectives1913 Words à |à 8 PagesStudent name: Ying Bi Supervisor name: Gary wills Aims/research question and Objectives Aims: 1.Designing an IAM (Identity Access Management) system based on Ethereum provides a more resilient framework for Service integration. It can help know your customer(KYC). 2.Provide protocol service to users based on smart contracts. Research questions: 1.The issue of user privacy is a growing public concern. Many companies collect the users` data to predict future trends and other commercial aims.Read MoreManaging Diversity3506 Words à |à 15 Pagesdiversity range from distributive concerns based on the traditional categories of race, ethnicity and gender to the addition of a vast array of differences in age, sexual orientation, disability, employment status, tenure, function, educational background, lifestyle, religion, values and beliefs in addition to race, ethnicity and gender. Diversity is a two-edged blade. Although on the one hand it is brought about by differences in access to information, skills, abilities, values, beliefs attitudesRead More The Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector Essay4849 Words à |à 20 PagesThe Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector The impact of information technology has been tremendous within the public sector. Over the years, the growth and development of technology has caused the public sector to change. One of the most significant changes in technology has been the evolution of the information systems and how their development has reshaped the way the world uses technology. ââ¬Å"It has been just over fifty years since the worlds first programmable computer becameRead MoreInternet Cafe Monitoring6799 Words à |à 28 PagesCHAPTER I THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND ITS RATIONALE INTRODUCTION. Information technology at the present time is vast and progressive. It is being integrated to almost most of our daily activities. It is so progressive that one must always be informed and skilled to keep pace of the changing technology. With this reality, many ideas and improvements are designed and developed to make computer technology attainable and flexible. People of all ages must be prepared and equipped with all
Research that Adapts Information Retrieval Based on a User...
As the number of Internet users and the number of accessible Web pages grows, it is becoming increasingly difficult for users to find relevant documents to their particular needs. In this paper, we report on research that adapts information retrieval based on a user profile. Ontology models are widely used to represent user profiles in personalized web information retrieval. Many models have utilized only knowledge from either a global knowledge base or a user local information for representing user profiles. A personalized ontology model is used for knowledge representation and reasoning over user profiles. This model uses ontological user profiles based on both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories. It is observedâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Many researchers have attempted to discover user background knowledge through global or local analysis to represent user profiles. i) Motivation The basic objective regarding this project is to achieve high performance in web information retrieval using a personalized ontology model. Most of the times when user searches for some information with some ideas in mind , It is always the case that he didnââ¬â¢t get the information exactly as he wants in first page . He has to go through different pages until he get the information exactly as per his concept. The basic idea is to create ontological user profiles from both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories in order to have a fast information retrieval as per the concept model of the user. ii) Existing systems Commonly used knowledge bases include generic ontologies, thesauruses, and online knowledge bases. The global analysis produce effective performance for user background knowledge extraction but it is limited by the quality of the used knowledge base. Local analysis investigates user local information or observes user behavior in user profiles. Analyzed query logs to discover user background knowledge is used. Users were provided with a set of documents and asked for relevance feedback. User background knowledge was then discovered from this feedback for user profiles. The discovered results may contain noisy and uncertain information. iii)Show MoreRelatedEssay On User Profiling1081 Words à |à 5 PagesUser Profiling: A Survey from Modeling to Personalization Abstract The growth of the available information on the web and the diversity of its users is a valuable resource for personalization. The user profile includes the essential information about the user and it is an outcome of the user profiling process. Building and maintaining dynamic user profile is the main challenge in developing an effective personalized application. Many research projects and companies are interesting in developingRead MoreA Survey On Data Annotation For Web Databases1020 Words à |à 5 Pagesongoing research field that related to the retrieval of the relevant web page results based on the user interest and preferences. ARUNPANDI.V, SUNDARAMOORHTY.S, VARADHARAJAN.E [18], proposed the personalization involve in collecting the user interests implicitly or explicitly called as user profile. Collecting the user interests in explicit manner is not so easy. Because the users are not interested to provide their interest to the server. So we go for other methods to create use r profile in implicitRead MoreInternet Marketing Relevance and Consumer Attitudes toward Internet Advertising1245 Words à |à 5 PagesThis paper discusses internet marketing relevance and investigates antecedents of consumer attitudes toward Internet Advertisement. The analysis is based on a consumer survey conducted in India as well as other countries. For this purpose, a representative quota sample of Internet users in India has been interviewed. The finding of this study provides marketers with an understanding of consumers, their attitude toward advertising, so designers and marketers can better strategize their advertisingRead MoreEssay on Multi-Agents for Decision Support Systems in E-Systems4215 Words à |à 17 PagesAbstract: With the advent of e-systems; business and consumers have access to a plethora of information which makes the decision making process more complex. The overwhelming information flow makes it extremely difficult for decision makers to analyze the available data and make precise decisions. Under such an information intensive online environment, businesses need to make real time intelligent decisions in order to stay economically and commercially viable. Multi agent systems have the inherentRead MoreTechnology And Its Effects On Technology1411 Words à |à 6 Pagesââ¬Ëtechnologiaââ¬â¢. Technology refers to the use of machines and various tools that make our daily work lives simpler, easier and organized. The word also refers to the different tools, gadgets, and resources used by humans so as to help them control and adapt to their environment appropriately (Bridgman, 5}. Technology also refers to the knowledge of techniques and processes and is embedded mostly in machines used a s factors of production in our factories. Embedding technology in computers and smart devicesRead MoreThe Application Of E Government7917 Words à |à 32 PagesCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION RESEARCH BACKGROUND The electronic Government as known as e-Government is one of the channel uses by government to interact to people such as community, government servants, individual (citizens and non-citizens) and businessmen. Some of the example of interaction are the communication of important information within government agencies and the transaction of online websites to citizens and non-citizens such as online tax registration and payment. In general, the developmentRead MoreDatabase And Research Question And Objectives1913 Words à |à 8 PagesStudent name: Ying Bi Supervisor name: Gary wills Aims/research question and Objectives Aims: 1.Designing an IAM (Identity Access Management) system based on Ethereum provides a more resilient framework for Service integration. It can help know your customer(KYC). 2.Provide protocol service to users based on smart contracts. Research questions: 1.The issue of user privacy is a growing public concern. Many companies collect the users` data to predict future trends and other commercial aims.Read MoreManaging Diversity3506 Words à |à 15 Pagesdiversity range from distributive concerns based on the traditional categories of race, ethnicity and gender to the addition of a vast array of differences in age, sexual orientation, disability, employment status, tenure, function, educational background, lifestyle, religion, values and beliefs in addition to race, ethnicity and gender. Diversity is a two-edged blade. Although on the one hand it is brought about by differences in access to information, skills, abilities, values, beliefs attitudesRead More The Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector Essay4849 Words à |à 20 PagesThe Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector The impact of information technology has been tremendous within the public sector. Over the years, the growth and development of technology has caused the public sector to change. One of the most significant changes in technology has been the evolution of the information systems and how their development has reshaped the way the world uses technology. ââ¬Å"It has been just over fifty years since the worlds first programmable computer becameRead MoreInternet Cafe Monitoring6799 Words à |à 28 PagesCHAPTER I THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND ITS RATIONALE INTRODUCTION. Information technology at the present time is vast and progressive. It is being integrated to almost most of our daily activities. It is so progressive that one must always be informed and skilled to keep pace of the changing technology. With this reality, many ideas and improvements are designed and developed to make computer technology attainable and flexible. People of all ages must be prepared and equipped with all
Research that Adapts Information Retrieval Based on a User...
As the number of Internet users and the number of accessible Web pages grows, it is becoming increasingly difficult for users to find relevant documents to their particular needs. In this paper, we report on research that adapts information retrieval based on a user profile. Ontology models are widely used to represent user profiles in personalized web information retrieval. Many models have utilized only knowledge from either a global knowledge base or a user local information for representing user profiles. A personalized ontology model is used for knowledge representation and reasoning over user profiles. This model uses ontological user profiles based on both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories. It is observedâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Many researchers have attempted to discover user background knowledge through global or local analysis to represent user profiles. i) Motivation The basic objective regarding this project is to achieve high performance in web information retrieval using a personalized ontology model. Most of the times when user searches for some information with some ideas in mind , It is always the case that he didnââ¬â¢t get the information exactly as he wants in first page . He has to go through different pages until he get the information exactly as per his concept. The basic idea is to create ontological user profiles from both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories in order to have a fast information retrieval as per the concept model of the user. ii) Existing systems Commonly used knowledge bases include generic ontologies, thesauruses, and online knowledge bases. The global analysis produce effective performance for user background knowledge extraction but it is limited by the quality of the used knowledge base. Local analysis investigates user local information or observes user behavior in user profiles. Analyzed query logs to discover user background knowledge is used. Users were provided with a set of documents and asked for relevance feedback. User background knowledge was then discovered from this feedback for user profiles. The discovered results may contain noisy and uncertain information. iii)Show MoreRelatedEssay On User Profiling1081 Words à |à 5 PagesUser Profiling: A Survey from Modeling to Personalization Abstract The growth of the available information on the web and the diversity of its users is a valuable resource for personalization. The user profile includes the essential information about the user and it is an outcome of the user profiling process. Building and maintaining dynamic user profile is the main challenge in developing an effective personalized application. Many research projects and companies are interesting in developingRead MoreA Survey On Data Annotation For Web Databases1020 Words à |à 5 Pagesongoing research field that related to the retrieval of the relevant web page results based on the user interest and preferences. ARUNPANDI.V, SUNDARAMOORHTY.S, VARADHARAJAN.E [18], proposed the personalization involve in collecting the user interests implicitly or explicitly called as user profile. Collecting the user interests in explicit manner is not so easy. Because the users are not interested to provide their interest to the server. So we go for other methods to create use r profile in implicitRead MoreInternet Marketing Relevance and Consumer Attitudes toward Internet Advertising1245 Words à |à 5 PagesThis paper discusses internet marketing relevance and investigates antecedents of consumer attitudes toward Internet Advertisement. The analysis is based on a consumer survey conducted in India as well as other countries. For this purpose, a representative quota sample of Internet users in India has been interviewed. The finding of this study provides marketers with an understanding of consumers, their attitude toward advertising, so designers and marketers can better strategize their advertisingRead MoreEssay on Multi-Agents for Decision Support Systems in E-Systems4215 Words à |à 17 PagesAbstract: With the advent of e-systems; business and consumers have access to a plethora of information which makes the decision making process more complex. The overwhelming information flow makes it extremely difficult for decision makers to analyze the available data and make precise decisions. Under such an information intensive online environment, businesses need to make real time intelligent decisions in order to stay economically and commercially viable. Multi agent systems have the inherentRead MoreTechnology And Its Effects On Technology1411 Words à |à 6 Pagesââ¬Ëtechnologiaââ¬â¢. Technology refers to the use of machines and various tools that make our daily work lives simpler, easier and organized. The word also refers to the different tools, gadgets, and resources used by humans so as to help them control and adapt to their environment appropriately (Bridgman, 5}. Technology also refers to the knowledge of techniques and processes and is embedded mostly in machines used a s factors of production in our factories. Embedding technology in computers and smart devicesRead MoreThe Application Of E Government7917 Words à |à 32 PagesCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION RESEARCH BACKGROUND The electronic Government as known as e-Government is one of the channel uses by government to interact to people such as community, government servants, individual (citizens and non-citizens) and businessmen. Some of the example of interaction are the communication of important information within government agencies and the transaction of online websites to citizens and non-citizens such as online tax registration and payment. In general, the developmentRead MoreDatabase And Research Question And Objectives1913 Words à |à 8 PagesStudent name: Ying Bi Supervisor name: Gary wills Aims/research question and Objectives Aims: 1.Designing an IAM (Identity Access Management) system based on Ethereum provides a more resilient framework for Service integration. It can help know your customer(KYC). 2.Provide protocol service to users based on smart contracts. Research questions: 1.The issue of user privacy is a growing public concern. Many companies collect the users` data to predict future trends and other commercial aims.Read MoreManaging Diversity3506 Words à |à 15 Pagesdiversity range from distributive concerns based on the traditional categories of race, ethnicity and gender to the addition of a vast array of differences in age, sexual orientation, disability, employment status, tenure, function, educational background, lifestyle, religion, values and beliefs in addition to race, ethnicity and gender. Diversity is a two-edged blade. Although on the one hand it is brought about by differences in access to information, skills, abilities, values, beliefs attitudesRead More The Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector Essay4849 Words à |à 20 PagesThe Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector The impact of information technology has been tremendous within the public sector. Over the years, the growth and development of technology has caused the public sector to change. One of the most significant changes in technology has been the evolution of the information systems and how their development has reshaped the way the world uses technology. ââ¬Å"It has been just over fifty years since the worlds first programmable computer becameRead MoreInternet Cafe Monitoring6799 Words à |à 28 PagesCHAPTER I THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND ITS RATIONALE INTRODUCTION. Information technology at the present time is vast and progressive. It is being integrated to almost most of our daily activities. It is so progressive that one must always be informed and skilled to keep pace of the changing technology. With this reality, many ideas and improvements are designed and developed to make computer technology attainable and flexible. People of all ages must be prepared and equipped with all
Research that Adapts Information Retrieval Based on a User...
As the number of Internet users and the number of accessible Web pages grows, it is becoming increasingly difficult for users to find relevant documents to their particular needs. In this paper, we report on research that adapts information retrieval based on a user profile. Ontology models are widely used to represent user profiles in personalized web information retrieval. Many models have utilized only knowledge from either a global knowledge base or a user local information for representing user profiles. A personalized ontology model is used for knowledge representation and reasoning over user profiles. This model uses ontological user profiles based on both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories. It is observedâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Many researchers have attempted to discover user background knowledge through global or local analysis to represent user profiles. i) Motivation The basic objective regarding this project is to achieve high performance in web information retrieval using a personalized ontology model. Most of the times when user searches for some information with some ideas in mind , It is always the case that he didnââ¬â¢t get the information exactly as he wants in first page . He has to go through different pages until he get the information exactly as per his concept. The basic idea is to create ontological user profiles from both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories in order to have a fast information retrieval as per the concept model of the user. ii) Existing systems Commonly used knowledge bases include generic ontologies, thesauruses, and online knowledge bases. The global analysis produce effective performance for user background knowledge extraction but it is limited by the quality of the used knowledge base. Local analysis investigates user local information or observes user behavior in user profiles. Analyzed query logs to discover user background knowledge is used. Users were provided with a set of documents and asked for relevance feedback. User background knowledge was then discovered from this feedback for user profiles. The discovered results may contain noisy and uncertain information. iii)Show MoreRelatedEssay On User Profiling1081 Words à |à 5 PagesUser Profiling: A Survey from Modeling to Personalization Abstract The growth of the available information on the web and the diversity of its users is a valuable resource for personalization. The user profile includes the essential information about the user and it is an outcome of the user profiling process. Building and maintaining dynamic user profile is the main challenge in developing an effective personalized application. Many research projects and companies are interesting in developingRead MoreA Survey On Data Annotation For Web Databases1020 Words à |à 5 Pagesongoing research field that related to the retrieval of the relevant web page results based on the user interest and preferences. ARUNPANDI.V, SUNDARAMOORHTY.S, VARADHARAJAN.E [18], proposed the personalization involve in collecting the user interests implicitly or explicitly called as user profile. Collecting the user interests in explicit manner is not so easy. Because the users are not interested to provide their interest to the server. So we go for other methods to create use r profile in implicitRead MoreInternet Marketing Relevance and Consumer Attitudes toward Internet Advertising1245 Words à |à 5 PagesThis paper discusses internet marketing relevance and investigates antecedents of consumer attitudes toward Internet Advertisement. The analysis is based on a consumer survey conducted in India as well as other countries. For this purpose, a representative quota sample of Internet users in India has been interviewed. The finding of this study provides marketers with an understanding of consumers, their attitude toward advertising, so designers and marketers can better strategize their advertisingRead MoreEssay on Multi-Agents for Decision Support Systems in E-Systems4215 Words à |à 17 PagesAbstract: With the advent of e-systems; business and consumers have access to a plethora of information which makes the decision making process more complex. The overwhelming information flow makes it extremely difficult for decision makers to analyze the available data and make precise decisions. Under such an information intensive online environment, businesses need to make real time intelligent decisions in order to stay economically and commercially viable. Multi agent systems have the inherentRead MoreTechnology And Its Effects On Technology1411 Words à |à 6 Pagesââ¬Ëtechnologiaââ¬â¢. Technology refers to the use of machines and various tools that make our daily work lives simpler, easier and organized. The word also refers to the different tools, gadgets, and resources used by humans so as to help them control and adapt to their environment appropriately (Bridgman, 5}. Technology also refers to the knowledge of techniques and processes and is embedded mostly in machines used a s factors of production in our factories. Embedding technology in computers and smart devicesRead MoreThe Application Of E Government7917 Words à |à 32 PagesCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION RESEARCH BACKGROUND The electronic Government as known as e-Government is one of the channel uses by government to interact to people such as community, government servants, individual (citizens and non-citizens) and businessmen. Some of the example of interaction are the communication of important information within government agencies and the transaction of online websites to citizens and non-citizens such as online tax registration and payment. In general, the developmentRead MoreDatabase And Research Question And Objectives1913 Words à |à 8 PagesStudent name: Ying Bi Supervisor name: Gary wills Aims/research question and Objectives Aims: 1.Designing an IAM (Identity Access Management) system based on Ethereum provides a more resilient framework for Service integration. It can help know your customer(KYC). 2.Provide protocol service to users based on smart contracts. Research questions: 1.The issue of user privacy is a growing public concern. Many companies collect the users` data to predict future trends and other commercial aims.Read MoreManaging Diversity3506 Words à |à 15 Pagesdiversity range from distributive concerns based on the traditional categories of race, ethnicity and gender to the addition of a vast array of differences in age, sexual orientation, disability, employment status, tenure, function, educational background, lifestyle, religion, values and beliefs in addition to race, ethnicity and gender. Diversity is a two-edged blade. Although on the one hand it is brought about by differences in access to information, skills, abilities, values, beliefs attitudesRead More The Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector Essay4849 Words à |à 20 PagesThe Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector The impact of information technology has been tremendous within the public sector. Over the years, the growth and development of technology has caused the public sector to change. One of the most significant changes in technology has been the evolution of the information systems and how their development has reshaped the way the world uses technology. ââ¬Å"It has been just over fifty years since the worlds first programmable computer becameRead MoreInternet Cafe Monitoring6799 Words à |à 28 PagesCHAPTER I THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND ITS RATIONALE INTRODUCTION. Information technology at the present time is vast and progressive. It is being integrated to almost most of our daily activities. It is so progressive that one must always be informed and skilled to keep pace of the changing technology. With this reality, many ideas and improvements are designed and developed to make computer technology attainable and flexible. People of all ages must be prepared and equipped with all
Research that Adapts Information Retrieval Based on a User...
As the number of Internet users and the number of accessible Web pages grows, it is becoming increasingly difficult for users to find relevant documents to their particular needs. In this paper, we report on research that adapts information retrieval based on a user profile. Ontology models are widely used to represent user profiles in personalized web information retrieval. Many models have utilized only knowledge from either a global knowledge base or a user local information for representing user profiles. A personalized ontology model is used for knowledge representation and reasoning over user profiles. This model uses ontological user profiles based on both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories. It is observedâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Many researchers have attempted to discover user background knowledge through global or local analysis to represent user profiles. i) Motivation The basic objective regarding this project is to achieve high performance in web information retrieval using a personalized ontology model. Most of the times when user searches for some information with some ideas in mind , It is always the case that he didnââ¬â¢t get the information exactly as he wants in first page . He has to go through different pages until he get the information exactly as per his concept. The basic idea is to create ontological user profiles from both a world knowledge base and user local instance repositories in order to have a fast information retrieval as per the concept model of the user. ii) Existing systems Commonly used knowledge bases include generic ontologies, thesauruses, and online knowledge bases. The global analysis produce effective performance for user background knowledge extraction but it is limited by the quality of the used knowledge base. Local analysis investigates user local information or observes user behavior in user profiles. Analyzed query logs to discover user background knowledge is used. Users were provided with a set of documents and asked for relevance feedback. User background knowledge was then discovered from this feedback for user profiles. The discovered results may contain noisy and uncertain information. iii)Show MoreRelatedEssay On User Profiling1081 Words à |à 5 PagesUser Profiling: A Survey from Modeling to Personalization Abstract The growth of the available information on the web and the diversity of its users is a valuable resource for personalization. The user profile includes the essential information about the user and it is an outcome of the user profiling process. Building and maintaining dynamic user profile is the main challenge in developing an effective personalized application. Many research projects and companies are interesting in developingRead MoreA Survey On Data Annotation For Web Databases1020 Words à |à 5 Pagesongoing research field that related to the retrieval of the relevant web page results based on the user interest and preferences. ARUNPANDI.V, SUNDARAMOORHTY.S, VARADHARAJAN.E [18], proposed the personalization involve in collecting the user interests implicitly or explicitly called as user profile. Collecting the user interests in explicit manner is not so easy. Because the users are not interested to provide their interest to the server. So we go for other methods to create use r profile in implicitRead MoreInternet Marketing Relevance and Consumer Attitudes toward Internet Advertising1245 Words à |à 5 PagesThis paper discusses internet marketing relevance and investigates antecedents of consumer attitudes toward Internet Advertisement. The analysis is based on a consumer survey conducted in India as well as other countries. For this purpose, a representative quota sample of Internet users in India has been interviewed. The finding of this study provides marketers with an understanding of consumers, their attitude toward advertising, so designers and marketers can better strategize their advertisingRead MoreEssay on Multi-Agents for Decision Support Systems in E-Systems4215 Words à |à 17 PagesAbstract: With the advent of e-systems; business and consumers have access to a plethora of information which makes the decision making process more complex. The overwhelming information flow makes it extremely difficult for decision makers to analyze the available data and make precise decisions. Under such an information intensive online environment, businesses need to make real time intelligent decisions in order to stay economically and commercially viable. Multi agent systems have the inherentRead MoreTechnology And Its Effects On Technology1411 Words à |à 6 Pagesââ¬Ëtechnologiaââ¬â¢. Technology refers to the use of machines and various tools that make our daily work lives simpler, easier and organized. The word also refers to the different tools, gadgets, and resources used by humans so as to help them control and adapt to their environment appropriately (Bridgman, 5}. Technology also refers to the knowledge of techniques and processes and is embedded mostly in machines used a s factors of production in our factories. Embedding technology in computers and smart devicesRead MoreThe Application Of E Government7917 Words à |à 32 PagesCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION RESEARCH BACKGROUND The electronic Government as known as e-Government is one of the channel uses by government to interact to people such as community, government servants, individual (citizens and non-citizens) and businessmen. Some of the example of interaction are the communication of important information within government agencies and the transaction of online websites to citizens and non-citizens such as online tax registration and payment. In general, the developmentRead MoreDatabase And Research Question And Objectives1913 Words à |à 8 PagesStudent name: Ying Bi Supervisor name: Gary wills Aims/research question and Objectives Aims: 1.Designing an IAM (Identity Access Management) system based on Ethereum provides a more resilient framework for Service integration. It can help know your customer(KYC). 2.Provide protocol service to users based on smart contracts. Research questions: 1.The issue of user privacy is a growing public concern. Many companies collect the users` data to predict future trends and other commercial aims.Read MoreManaging Diversity3506 Words à |à 15 Pagesdiversity range from distributive concerns based on the traditional categories of race, ethnicity and gender to the addition of a vast array of differences in age, sexual orientation, disability, employment status, tenure, function, educational background, lifestyle, religion, values and beliefs in addition to race, ethnicity and gender. Diversity is a two-edged blade. Although on the one hand it is brought about by differences in access to information, skills, abilities, values, beliefs attitudesRead More The Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector Essay4849 Words à |à 20 PagesThe Impact of Emerging Technology on the Public Sector The impact of information technology has been tremendous within the public sector. Over the years, the growth and development of technology has caused the public sector to change. One of the most significant changes in technology has been the evolution of the information systems and how their development has reshaped the way the world uses technology. ââ¬Å"It has been just over fifty years since the worlds first programmable computer becameRead MoreInternet Cafe Monitoring6799 Words à |à 28 PagesCHAPTER I THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND ITS RATIONALE INTRODUCTION. Information technology at the present time is vast and progressive. It is being integrated to almost most of our daily activities. It is so progressive that one must always be informed and skilled to keep pace of the changing technology. With this reality, many ideas and improvements are designed and developed to make computer technology attainable and flexible. People of all ages must be prepared and equipped with all
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
New Law Security Enforcement Practices - 1741 Words
Michelle Rodriguez October 2, 2015 Argument Paper New Law: Security Enforcement Practices at all Educational Institutions to End Campus Violence Statistics show that 15% of student populations are prone to campus violence if they have been conflicted with any type of harassment. (Bleau, Hannah) In the past few yearsââ¬â¢ campus violence has been a pressing issue in the United States, and in many instances it has been the front -page news. Campus violence is defined as, any act or threat of physical aggression or obliteration of property by any individual on school grounds. Though threats can vary and could include provisional or direct threats in oral or written forms, harassment, harm or endangerment of property or person, intimidation and other disruptive behavior performed at an educational institution; each can create substantial harm if not death. There have been multiple controversial arguments throughout the United States considering campus violence as the subject matter, and almost each case deals with the death of innocent people. If a new law is not passed to create a stable environment through tightened securi ty for public and private institutes then massacres such as the Virginia Tech Massacre, Columbine Massacre and the most recent, Umpqua Community College shooting will continue to drive otherââ¬â¢s to replicate such ruthless behavior. It is mindboggling to evaluate rhetorical research that states that many schools are no longer ââ¬Ësafe havensââ¬â¢ from violenceShow MoreRelatedImpact of Terrorism on Law Enforcement1566 Words à |à 7 PagesImpact of Terrorism in Law Enforcement The devastating events of 9/11 provided a forewarning to our country concerning the dangers of terrorism. However, it has created a particularly greater impact on the duties and standards expected of law enforcement agencies on all levels (local, state, and national). Law enforcement has begun implementing new tactics in an effort to prevent future terrorist attacks from threatening our national security. One aspect of policing in which terrorism has broughtRead MorePolicing Practices and Operations1603 Words à |à 7 Pagesï » ¿ Policing Practices and Operations CJA/394 08/24/2014 Policing Practices and Operations Law enforcement officers have many duties. Law enforcement officers are sworn to serve and protect society as well as to fight crime. They also maintain order within their jurisdiction, as well as providing other services that the community will benefit from. Most of the time, police officers are considered to be crime fighters, in which this image has been brought to citizenââ¬â¢s attention byRead More`` Fruitvale Station `` : The Modern Homeland Security Policy Essay955 Words à |à 4 Pagesmodern homeland security policy because towards the resolution of the film there is racial profiling. Also, in regards to the homeland security policy, race-based criminal profiling had become a denounced law enforcement practice (Newman). ââ¬Å"In 1999, a Gallup poll revealed that more than 80% of Americans disapproved of the practice of racial profiling by law enforcement authorities on any levelâ⬠(Newman). In Fruitvale Station there is a detachment between the community and th e law enforcement because theRead MoreMy Current Position As An Area Commander For The Federal Protective Service1172 Words à |à 5 PagesProtective Service (FPS) is not without its challenges. I am responsible for supervising eleven federal law enforcement officers to include two K9 units and approximately forty-five contracted protective security officers. As a team we address security related issues on a daily basis. Our position description encompasses two major disciplines; the first is federal law enforcement and the second physical security. Both occupations can be viewed as one, yet separate in their ever changing complexity of developmentRead MoreA Report on the Need of Improved Communication in the Criminal Justice System736 Words à |à 3 PagesCriminal Justice Integration: The criminal justice system forms vital part of Americas democratic system of government as it helps preserve the peaceful and orderly functioning of society. It serves to balance the protection and security of the overall community and the preservation of the civil liberties and freedoms of individuals. It also provides justice both for criminals and victims of crimes by ensuring offenders are tried and prosecuted through a fair trial. This is important as one ofRead MoreFinal: Future of Policing Paper1105 Words à |à 5 Pagesincredible rate. Technology advancement gives criminals a whole new way or an easier way to commit crimes. Eventually technology is going to take away jobs from our police officers and other individuals working in law enforcement. We are no longer going to need police officers out on patrol monitoring traffic, we have high speed cameras to detect incident detection, and vehicle counting, traffic flow monitoring and even people who violate traffic laws like sp eeding, running red lights and stop signs. TheRead MoreHistory of Police Essay1254 Words à |à 6 Pagespolice play a major role in making sure American rights are met. Evolution has changed many of American history for the better; policing is part of those changes. As new issues in society arise, police must change and adapt to protect and serve the public. Early American policing strategies were based on the British model. Law enforcement was not organized until 1200 A.D. offenders were pursued by an organized posse. If offenders were caught they were usually tortured and faced public execution. Read MorePolice Operations: Theory and Practice1707 Words à |à 7 Pagesactivities and operations. Responsibility, naming, function, authority, and jurisdictions vary at local, state, and federal levels of law enforcement. Although there is little uniformity among themââ¬âand the relationships between them need to improveââ¬âthese agencies face the same dangers, use similar weapons and technology, and geared toward the same future of law enforcement. The Dangers of policing Police officers are frequently faced with danger; it is part of the job description. Physical harmRead MoreWhat Does It Work?870 Words à |à 4 PagesHowever, many critics state that law enforcements are infringing on the constitutional rights and civil liberties of ethnic minorities within the United States (Ward, 2002, p. 726). The United States government has the duty to protect the citizens as well as to protect the ideals and ethical standards, in which, the United States were built on. Some people may argue that racial profiling is an important factor to national security and can be justifiable in court cases. In New York Times v. United StatesRead More The Evolution of Public Administration in American Society Essay1392 Words à |à 6 PagesPublic administration as a field of study and as a practice has continually evolved with American society. The United States has survived and thrived through major cultural shifts, varying degrees of economic climates, and both ci vil and world wars. Through out all these changes in our country, one thing has always remained the same, the fact that we are an ever evolving and always changing nation. Theories and forms of practice of public administration have also evolved parallel with the history
Safety Regulations in the Petroleum Industry Free Essays
It is common knowledge that petroleum and petroleum gas (LPG) are good sources of energy. Imagine that petroleum did not exist. This simply means that all the technology that has been developed around petroleum will not be there. We will write a custom essay sample on Safety Regulations in the Petroleum Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now To say the least, development in the energy sector has been greatly enabled by petroleum. As fears of future deficit of petrol continue to be entertained by the superpowers, there has been an effort to shift the focus from petroleum to other sources of energy such as solar, hydro electricity, safe nuclear power, bio oil among other alternative sources of energy. Despite the fact that petroleum is a very useful source of energy, it is also a very dangerous, volatile and flammable liquid or gas that can rein havoc if mishandled. Based on its volatile and inflammable nature, there is every need to uphold a high degree of safety measures so as to prevent explosion and fire disasters. The petroleum industry has a number of safety regulations often set by the government that need to be observed. Any organization that handles petroleum oil and gas can only be certified and allowed to operate after satisfying the safety regulations that are specified by the government. The difference of these safety regulations throughout all countries is minimal because after all the petroleum oil and gas is the same. The safety regulations govern every activity in the petroleum industry ranging from drilling, refining, transportation (either through road, ship, air, rail or pipeline), packaging (especially for gas) to safety at the premises in which some of the activities take place. This paper seeks to explain a number of health and safety precautions and regulations that need to be adhered to by every actor in the petroleum industry (Williamson, 1979). Taking US as our working example, we witness tight safety regulations governing the petroleum industry. These regulations are created and enforced by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). OSHA is an agency in the US labor department which was created by congress under the legislation of the Occupational Health and Safety Act (OSH Act) to set safety standards that will guarantee that workers do not suffer from any kind of work related deaths, injuries or even illnesses. The OSHA agency is aided, in the release of occupational health and safety standards, by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) whose main function is to conduct research into the areas that pose safety and heath threats to the worker in the petroleum industry. Unlike OSHA, NIOSH does not lie under the US department of labor. Some of these safety standards are explained in the following paragraphs (Joseph, 2006). The regulations governing occupational health and safety are industry specific those that apply to the petroleum industry are based on the fact that petroleum is flammable, inhalation of petroleum vapor is dangerous and harmful to health and for those who drill, exposure to natural gas can trigger cancer and the natural gas is poisonous. The first regulation is base on the Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL). This is specifically important because exposure to petroleum vapor is harmful. However, it should be noted that the effects of the exposure depend on the concentration of the vapor and the amount of time one is in exposure. Inhalation of petroleum vapors can cause nervous effects such as dizziness, headache and even nausea. It can also cause respiratory irritation. Chronic exposure affects the blood, kidney and the nervous system. Very high exposure can lead to coma and death. Gasoline contains benzene which is a human carcinogen and thus the petroleum products that come to contact with the skin may be absorbed and eventually may cause skin cancer and myeloid leukemia. Based on these health risks, OSHA released a PEL regulations that specifies the amount of petroleum vapor that petroleum industry workers (especially those working in petroleum refineries) are supposed to be exposed to. Benzene-containing gasoline requires an 8 hour 1ppm with a maximum of 5ppm short term exposure. The other hydrocarbons also have their specific exposure limits. The limits are not supposed to be exceeded to avoid health hazards (National Safety Council, 1990). OSHA Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) regulations in the petroleum industry require a number of protective equipment. Some of this protective equipment includes the use of goggles, face shields and safety glasses to protect the eye and the face from metal or wood flying objects, dangerous light or even chemicals. The Fall Protection regulation requires that those working in excavation sites such as petroleum drillers and those laying petroleum tankers and pipelines need to be protected against fall by use of guard rails, personal fall systems and safety nets that will protect the workers in an event that they fall. Foot hand and arm protection is also encouraged through the use of metatarsal guards, special shoes with anti puncture soles and toe shields and gloves ranging from heavy metal to soft cotton gloves respectively. The head, respiratory and other parts of the body are also protected. Each part of the body requires specific protective equipment against a specific hazardous stimulus. Respirators are also part of the OSHA regulations (Olishifski, 1999). According to OSHA 1910:134, the employers in the petroleum industry are supposed to provide respirators to the workers to protect them inhaling excessive petroleum vapor which is harmful to their health. This regulation calls for special kind of air purifying or air supplying respirators depending on the exposure situation. In this way, the worker is protected from vapor in excess of the OSHA PEL. Those working in enclosed premises processing, mining or handling petroleum should either be supplies with respirators or ventilation of the premises should be maintained at the OSHA regulations. All this is in a bid to maintain the concentration of petroleum vapor in air within the OSHA PEL brackets (Roughton, 2002) When handling the flammable or combustible liquids, OSHA proposes a number of guidelines that must be adhered to prevent fire and explosions. To avoid fire, there is need to prevent accumulation of petroleum in the air in such vapor-air mixture concentration that exceeds one quarter of the least flammable limit. This is achieved by encouraging ample ventilation to avoid this vapor accumulation. Explosions on the other hand are likely to occur due to pressure building in tanks holding the flammable or combustible liquid. For this reason, tanks are to be built of heat resistant steel, corrosion resistant steel or if built of any material should be built based on sound engineering designs as per the principles governing the material used. The tanks should also be vented to prevent any possible development of a vacuum or pressure which can lead to explosions (Penton/IPC, 1984) The handling of LPG requires that it be odorized so as to enable detect its presence in air to a concentration that exceeds one fifth of the lower flammable limit. The odor should be distinct and easy to detect. However, odorizing is not necessary if it proves harmful if the LPG shall be used for further processing. Odorizing is necessary to prevent fires incase of a leakage from cylinders and pressure tanks used to hold the gas (because LPG is highly volatile and flammable) because one is able to detect it early and thus take remedial measures. Regarding the cylinders that hold the LPG, one is not allowed to carry out any welding on the shell, head or any section of the pressure container. This is to prevent possibility of explosion of the container due to welding. Further, any fittings shutoff valves and any accessories fitted to the LPG pressure container should meet the 250 p. s. i. g pressure specifications. The shutoff valve should not be made of cast iron because of its less resistance to fire and heat. Incase of heat or fire, the valve is likely to expand or open leading to a leakage and hence fire or explosion. All these specifications are for safety purposes to avoid possible leakage from the pressure containers holding LPG. Areas with high temperatures require lower vapor pressure LPG in a high pressure container so as to prevent the opening up of safety valves as a result of the high temperatures. The OSHA regulations governing the petroleum industry are very diverse and go down to greater finer details. Despite all that the bottom line is the fact that these regulations were set to protect the workers and even the consumers of products originating from the petroleum industry. If these safety and health regulations are followed to the letter, it will lead to a high degree of safety in the petroleum industry. As said earlier, petroleum is a very important component in the energy sector development but posses a great danger to health and property if no handled with care (Olishifski, 1999). Any organization under the petroleum industry needs to adhere to these rules to avert any possible disaster that can result if the regulations were not adhered to. However stiff the regulations may be, for safety purposes, they need to be followed. The OSHAââ¬â¢s regulations have often been criticized by the petroleum industry players for lacking practicability. The department of labor under which the OSHA agency exists should set out modalities of working closely with the industryââ¬â¢s stakeholders to encourage a health and safety culture among the key players in the industry. If the regulations seem to be expensive and the specifications too much specific, then OSHA has no alternative than to liaise with engineers and some other professionals so as to supply the equipment and services which are compliant with the safety and health specifications to the ministry players. How to cite Safety Regulations in the Petroleum Industry, Papers
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)